Composite structure.



l No. 814,134. PATENTED MAR. 6,l 1906.

J. H. Hoon.

COMPOSITE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1;

PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906. J. H. HOOD.

COMPOSITE STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED PEB. 17, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F1 @.3 FI I3 3 JANE SHR-nun 22j ma! FIG 7 UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

No.s14,134.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 6, 1906.

Application filed February 17. 1905i Serial No. 246,150.

To aZ whom Lf/may concern: Beit known that I, JAMES H. Hoon, a citizen-ofthe United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Sangamonand State of Illinois, have invented 'certain new and usefulImprovements in Composite Structures,

of which the following is such a full, clear, and

exact description, as will enable others skilled in the art to whichitappertains to make and use myv said invention.

My invention relates to structures, such as buildings, made partlyjofwood and partly of cement blocks.

The purposes of my inventionare to provide a structure com risininterlocking building-blocks, referably o cement, connected with suitale framework and adapted to ive great stability to the structure, withanc ors of improved construction adapted to anchor the blocks to theframework.

With these ends in view my invention consists in the novel features ofconstruction and combinations of parts shown in the annexed drawings andhereinafter particularly described, and finally recited in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, in which simi'lar reference-letters designatelike parts in the several views, Figure 1 is an isometric proj ection ofa part of a building embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlargedpartial vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3

is an isometric projection of a corner-block and shows anchors inposition on the block. Figs. 4 and 5 are isometric projections ofslightly-modified forms of block; and Figs. 6, 7, and `8 are enlargedisometric projections of j anchors of different forms, but all having a-member lying lengthwise of theblock and a side member extendingtransversely of the block anld connectible to the studding to pulltransversely on the studding.

Studdings A are secured in a Vertical position at suitable distancesapart on horizontal sills A. Lath A2 is secured to the studdin and iscovered with plaster A3 in the usua manner.

'lhe cement blocks B, B', B2, and B3 are cast in the usual manner inmolds of suitable form. The blocks are strengthened by longitudinal rodsI), embedded in the cement and connected by a network of Wires b', asshown in Fig. 2. The tops and bottoms of the blocks have longitudinalribs b2 and corresponding longitudinal channels b3. b" of one blockmatches the channel b3 of the complemental block. In the drawings I Therib have shown two forms of ribs b2 and two forms of correspondingchannels b3; but a great variety of sorms of ribs and channels whichwill readily occur to those skilled in the art may be used withoutdeparture from my invention.

I have illustrated two forms of blocks B and B.A The forms of the blocksare such that when the blocks are in place in the Wall the ends of theblocks interlock so as to bind the blocks firmly together. Furthermore,the forms of the interlocking ends are such as to make zigza orcircuitous joints between the blocks wel adapted to retain the mortarand also adapted to prevent air or water from being driven through thejoints in case any of the joints are imperfectly filled with mortar. Asa means for connecting the blocks with the studding I employ anchors,which are embedded in the mortar in the oints between the blocks and aresecured to the 'studding. In the drawings I have shown five differentforms of anchors D D and D2, D3, and D4. The anchor D is of wire bent,as shown, to form two parallel members joined by an integral cross-bar dand having V-shaped the blocks B B', &c. The anc ors are connected withthe studding by nails d3 orI equivalent securing devices 'to pulltransversely on the studding, and the ends of the members d are twistedaround the securing devices substantially as shown in Figs. 11 and 12,or the ends'of the anchor may be. twisted together at one corner of thestudding,'as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The anchors Dl have a V-shaped partd, iitting over the ribs of the blocks, and the Wire is bent to form atone end of the anchor a U-shaped part d5, which is embedded in mortaralong the entire length of both of its members, as hereinafterexplained. The anchor D2 consists of a single wire bent in rectangularform to fit around short rectangular ribs b2, Figs. 6 and 7 and aroundthe studding. A and having its ends twisted together at .one corner IOOof the studding,-as at d8, Fig. 1. The anchor D3 has its side membersconnected byv a crossbar d9 integral with the side members. The sidemembers have parts dl, bent to fit over the rectangular ribs b2. Theanchor D4 is exactly the same as the anchor D, except that instead ofhaving a V shapcd part (I4, adapted to fit over a V-shaped rib it has arectangular part do, adapted to fit over a rectangular rib. It will beobserved that the anchor anchor D4.

D is practically the double oil the anchor D and the anchor D3 ispractically the double of the The anchors of all of the different formswhen in place in the wall lie across or around the ribs of the blocks,and the parts d, d5, d?, d0, and d of the anchors, respectively, areentirely embedded in the mortar in the joints between the blocks, andthe mortar when it is set holds the anchors firmly, so that they cannotbe pulled out.

In Fig. 9 I have shown a corner-block B4, which may be used with anchorsoi any of the different forms.

In erecting a structure embodying my improvements, the sills A being inposition, the corner posts Aty and studding A are secured in verticalposition on the sills at suitable dis'- tances apart, the distancebetween the studding preferably being such that the vertical jointsbetween the ends of every tier ofblocks will lie lengthwise of andcentral to the studdin When the iirst tier of blocks is set, the anc orsare placed in position on the blocks and secured on the studding. Themortar is then spread, and the next tier of the blocks is set and theanchors placedy thereon and secured, and so on as long as'the workcontinues. The lath and plaster are then applied in the usual manner.y

The practical advantages of the construction above set forth are thatthe structure does not re uire the use of sheathing. The end joints dithe block are along the face of the studding, so that one tie mayconnect to one studding the adjacent ends of two blocks, and the form ofthe anchor and its connection with the studdin sile strength of t eanchor is effective in securing the blocks to the studding. The strainon the anchor isa tensile strain, and the pull of the anchor istransverse to the studding, so that there is no danger of pulling outthe connection of the anchor with the studding; Comparatively thincement blocks may be used, thereby cheapening the cost of producing theblocks, and by reason of the i htness of the blocks facilitating thehand in and permitting expeditious settin of the Inlocks. vThe blocksmaybe secure in position as the work progresses without intererin with thesetting of the mortar. When t e mortar hardens, the anchors are firmlyheld therein. The walls, being hollow,

are such that the full tenf eiaiae ing connected by an intermediateintegral member lying lengthwise of said ribs, and

means Afor connectin both ends of said anchors with said stud ing tosecure to a single tludlding the abutting ends of two adjacent oc rs.

2. A structure comprising stationary studl ding, blocks contacting withsaid studding and having ribs and complemental channels anddimensioned-to form end joints between said blocks along saidstuddingalternately,

anchors having side pieces extending across the ribs of said blocks, theside pieces of each anchor being connected by an intermediate memberlying lengthwise of said bloc-k, `and means for connecting said anchorswith said studding to secure to a single studdingthe abutting ends oftwo adjacent blocks the pull gf said anchors being transverse to saidstud- 3, A structure comprising stationary studding, blocks contactingwlth said studding and having ribs and complemental channels y,anddimensioned to form end joints between said blocks along said studdingalternately, anchors having side members extending across the ribs yotsaid blocks also having iiitermediate members connecting the sidemembers of said anchors and lying lengthwise ofthe ribs of said blocksand means for connecting both side members of said anchors to ulltransversely on said studding.

n witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name, at Springfield,Illinois, this `27th day of January,"1905.

JAMES H. HOUD.

Witnesses: 1

LYMAN L..BRowNE. W. J1 AURELIUS.

IOO

